Distribution of Major Ethnic Groups of different development Regions with thier Occupation and Celebrations

Distribution of Major Ethnic Groups of EDR

Region	Ethnic Groups	Occupation	Festivals and celebrations
Terai Region	Meche, Tharu, Dhimal, Mussars, Satars, Majagain	Farming crops, Cattle rearing (traditional way)	Janai Purnima, Dashain, Tihar, Maghe-Sakranti
Hilly Region	Rais and Limbus	Farming, Service in security forces, cash crops in new ways	Followers of Hinduism & Buddhism. Celebrate festivals of both calendars.
Himalayan Region	Bhotes, Sherpas, Lepchas	Guide, Animal rearing, hotel & restaurant	Lhosar, Buddha Purnima

Distribution of Major Ethnic Groups of CDR

Region	Ethnic Groups	Occupation	Festivals and celebrations
Terai Region	Muslims, Kurmis, Tharus, Musahars, Danuwars, Chepang	Agriculture, Industry, Trade	Dashain, Chatth, Eid, Holi, Mage Sakranti
Hilly Region	Chepang & Hayu (disadvantaged), Brahmin, Chhetri, Magar, Tamang, Newar	Agricultrure, Industry & Tourism	Festivals of both calendars. Hindu & Buddhist community jatras.
Himalayan Region	Bhotes, Sherpas,	Animal rearing and tourism.	Lhosar, Buddha Purnima

Distribution of Major Ethnic Groups of WDR

Region	Ethnic Groups	Occupation	Festivals and celebrations
Terai Region	Tharus, Musmlims, Kurmis	Agriculture, Industry, Trade	Dashain, Chatth, Eid, Holi, Mage Sakranti
Hilly Region	Gurung, Magars	Tourism, Service in security forces, trade	Festivals of Hindus and Buddhists
Himalayan Region	Thakalis, Manangies, Lopas	Trade, tourism and animal rearing	Lhosar, Buddha Purnima

  

Distribution of Major Ethnic Groups of MWDR

Region	Ethnic Groups	Occupation	Festivals and celebrations
Terai Region	Muslims, Tharus	Agriculture, Industry, Fish Farming, Trade	Dashain, Chatth, Eid, Holi, Mage Sakranti
Hilly Region	Khas, Thakuris, indigenous tribe like Rautes, Rajis, Dunuwa in forested land	Agricultrure Collection of wild roots, yam, hunting, and seasonal employment in India	Worshippers of nature, Hindu gods and goddess, worship of family and local dieties.
Himalayan Region	Dolpalis, Mugalis, Sherpas and Bhotes	Animal rearing, trade with Tibet, collection of medicinal herbs.	Lhosar, Buddha Purnima, Nature worship.

Distribution of Major Ethnic Groups of FWDR

Region	Ethnic Groups	Occupation	Festivals and celebrations
Terai Region	Muslims, Tharus,	Agriculture, Industry, Trade	Dashain, Chatth, Eid, Holi, Mage Sakranti
Hilly Region	Brahmin, Chhetri, Thakuris	Agricultrure, Industry & Tourism, Seasonal employment in India	Dashain, Tihar, Shivaratri, Gaura Parva
Himalayan Region	Bhotes, Sherpas,	Trade, herbs collection and cattle rearing	Lhosar, Buddha Purnima

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A Report on Constitutional Assembly Election of Nepal 2071 BS

A Report on Constitutional Assembly Election 2070 BS

Background:

I am an aspiring and a politically conscious citizen of Federal Democratic Republican Country, Nepal. I find myself a lucky one who could witness two phase of constitutional assembly election consecutively in 28^th Chaitra 2064 BS and 4^th Mangsir 2070 BS. I laud the democratic process that the political parties chose even after their failure in the first attempt. What is interesting here is that they came back to the people, recognizing their sovereignty. With the support of Election Commission, Nepal Government, security agencies and international community, the election was successfully held with the longest turnover of the voters reaching 70%. Based on my observation on that day and enquiry later, I prepared a report on the constitutional assembly election 2070 BS.

Objectives:I had the objectives of knowing as many things as possible about the election. Some of the objectives are listed below:

• To know how the election takes place.
• To find who are involved in this process (who are the stake holders)
• To analyze how different sector prepare for it.
• To know how do people vote and what actually observers do.

Methodology:

I applied ‘Field-Work’, ‘Observation’ and ‘Note-taking’ through enquiry as the methods for knowing what I was unknown till that day about the election.

Findings:

1. Threats from poll opposing parties, violence and bombs failed to dampen the people’s spirits as the country voted for second constituent assembly on 4^th Mangsir 2070, from 7 am in the morning.
2. Compared to CA election of 2008 AD (2064 BS) CA’s turnout of 63.29% of voters, this time there was  70% but Rolpa’s Thawang saw zero turnout due to obstruction from CPN Maoist.
3. Many of the 12.21 million voters started to queuing up at polling centers in the early hours and that continued till 5 pm in the evening.
4. Chief Election Commissioner Nil Kantha Upreti told in the press conference, the election remained largely peaceful, the election remained largely peaceful and the voter turnout was the history.
5. Election Commission attributed the high turnout to the use of latest technology including Voters Identity Card with photographs. The distribution of identity cards made the voting process easy and hassle free. Effective voter education and training also played a vital role.
6. Around 17,000 candidates (6126 under FPTP and 10709 under PR system) belonging 122 different political parties were in fray of 575 seats. The remaining 26 will be fulfilled after the formation of cabinet.
7. Many hailed the poll as a democratic effort to bring back the derailed politics on track.
8. The first CA failed to promulgate a new constitution in four years, owing to differences among major political parties on key issues-federalism and forms of government. This time around the parties have vowed to accomplish the failed task within a year.

Conclusion and Recommendation:

Despite much uncertainty, Nepalese voted to elect a constituent assembly for a second time. The failure of leaders did not lead the voters into boycotting the poll, instead they turn-out to vote in record number. The enthusiasm of the people to exercise their franchise was palpable. Everywhere, Nepali people displayed sheer resilience by turning out in droves to vote. This clearly demonstrated that Nepalese people have tremendous faith in democracy and are willing to give their political parties a second chance.

Nepalese people have already spoke out loud and clear, that they are willing to give the unfinished task of transition yet another go. The enthusiastic turnout of young first time voters along with the old before testimony to it. Nepalese have grown tired of politics has been prove wrong once again. If anything, they are more politically aware that ever and will go to great lengths to put their faith in their political process that started in early 2005.

I salute the wisdom and courage of Nepali voters after such a long observation.

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A Political Manifesto-Sample

A SAMPLE

People’s Party of Nepal

Kalanki, Kathmandu, Nepal

GPO Box: 12773, Tel: 4271187, 4676170

Preamble:

People’s Party of Nepal is a democratic party formed within the motive of mobilizing the people for ensuring their own benefit. Established in 2071 BS Ashad 11 the party has a hierarchy of members from Chairman to a Local Member. The party abides by the nation’s constitution and helps protect people sovereignty through constitution itself.

Motto: Peace for people; people for peace.

Principles:

The party abides by the following principles keeping democracy in the heart of all.

1. People’s democracy through systematic and timely election.
2. Periodic election for exercising adult franchise.
3. Human rights, women’s rights, children rights, and the rights of marginalized people underprivileged.
4. Dignity and sovereignty inherent in people.
5. Constitutional supremacy for the laws and orders.

Aims:

1. To help people become politically conscious and take part in politics for change.
2. To empower people through socio-economic revolution for integrated process of development.
3. To uplift the status of people in various sectors of everyday life making them take part in decision making process.
4. To intervene and make compulsory provision for at least three years of no interruption in government in daily administration.

Objectives:

The party keeps  the following objectives:

1. Bring able leadership through limitation of age bar and seeking educational qualification, experience for stability.
2. Introduce effective working aligns between private, public and government organization.
3. Enhance self-reliance through reduction of foreign domination in national politics, economy and social life.
4. Reduce the members of cabinet, introduce a small but expert parliament of 51 members.
5. Divide the nation into five provinces making the middle one central province.

       Strategies:

       The party adopts the following strategies for better Nepal:

1. Cut down taking heave assistance from foreign donors at least for 10 years.
2. Create and mobilize border security force enforcing right to curve illegal flow of people.
3. Bring strict working policies and adopt frequent cross checking mechanism.
4. Provide autonomous rights to the people managing North-South and valley-centered migration.
5. Judicious allocation of means and resources in a balanced way through special commission.

(Signature)

Name

Chairman

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9 Days Tour Plan - Visit Nepal

9 Days Tour Plan

It is always an exciting task to be a leader of tourist visiting my country. I've been enjoying this since last five years. I love travelling and when it’s my profession meeting my passion that adds joy to life. This time I am making a program to take a group of French tourist for a travel beyond their imagination to various destinations.

Days	Destinations	Programs	Remarks
Day 1	v  TIA v  Kathmandu Durbar Square	·     Receiving the tourists from TIA (Tribhuvan International Airport) and letting them take rest for another 3 hours. ·     Take them for shopping in valley ·     In the evening they will be given a glimpse of Kathmandu Durbar Square making them walk in the beautiful chowks.	Be in tact with local customs
Day 2	v  Patan Durbar Square v  Bhaktapur Durbar Sqaure	·     Next, they will be taken to other destinations in the valley like Patan Durbar Square in the morning. ·     Then after about 2 hours they will be taken to Bhaktapur Durbar Square visiting golden gate, 55 windowed palace, etc. ·     Then, they will be taken in roof top restaurants around the place. ·     In the evening they will be taken to Nagarkot and they’ll be made to stay in the lap of Himalayan.
Day 3	v  Trishuli	·     We will make them see the sun-rise and enjoy exotic beauty of Sal tree. ·     Around 11 after breakfast we’ll take them to Trishuli for white water rafting and enjoy in the river bank. ·     We’ll take them to suspension bridge and make them march through the bridge. ·     We’ll have a camp there, making them take taste of fish of Trishuli. ·     In the night, enjoy born fire.
Day 4	v  Pokhara	·     We’ll take them to Pokhara making them take breakfast at Ghasi Kuwa. ·     In Pokhara, we’ll begin with Sarangkot to enjoy paragliding, boating in Phewa Lake, and have lunch in ‘Hotel Barahi’. ·     Then they’ll be taken uphill to Santistupa and then to experience zip flyer. ·     At the evening they will be visiting Mahendra cave and Davis Falls.
Day 5	v  ABC	·     We’ll take them for trekking in ABC (Annapurna Base Camp) to see the panoramic beauty of snow-capped mountains. ·     We’ll make them stay there itself as a part of home-stay program letting them enjoy the local flavor of ethnic food and cultural dances.
Dag 6	v  Lumbini	·     Returning back from ABC through the most adventurous route of Nepal. ·     After reaching Lumbini at 11 am we’ll make them visit Maya devi temple, Ashoka Pillar, Pushkarni and the monasteries. ·     Take lunch at local dhaba. ·     We’ll make them return toward at about 5 pm.	Tighten the seat belts.
Day 7	v  Chitwan National Park	·     Have breakfast in Tharu homes. ·     Go the Tharu museum and collect some information through a local guide. ·     Take a local guide for forest adventure like elephant ride, gharials watch, spot tigers, and one-horned rhino. ·     Later take them to see elephant’s habitat and in the evening go for bird watching and stay enjoy local Tharu dance.
Day 8	v  Kathmandu	·     Return back to Kathmandu by road. ·     Take breakfast at Daman and enjoy green scenery. ·     After reaching hotel, going for shopping in the pavements of the valley.
Day 9	v  TIA	·     Interaction programs and formal see off at 12 am. ·     March TIA and fly back to their country	Naturally Nepal, Once is Never Enough.

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